(Q114)
Statements
Across sectors and regions, the most vulnerable people and systems have been disproportionately affected by the impacts of climate change. (English)
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LDCs and SIDS who have much lower per capita emissions (1.7 tCO2-eq, 4.6 tCO2-eq, respectively) than the global average (6.9 tCO2-eq) excluding CO2-LULUCF, also have high vulnerability to climatic hazards, with global hotspots of high human vulnerability observed in West-, Central- and East Africa, South Asia, Central and South America, SIDS and the Arctic. (English)
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Regions and people with considerable development constraints have high vulnerability to climatic hazards. (English)
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Vulnerability is higher in locations with poverty, governance challenges and limited access to basic services and resources, violent conflict and high levels of climate-sensitive livelihoods (e.g., smallholder farmers, pastoralists, fishing communities) (English)
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Vulnerability at different spatial levels is exacerbated by inequity and marginalisation linked to gender, ethnicity, low income or combinations thereof (high confidence), especially for many Indigenous Peoples and local communities (high confidence). (English)
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Approximately 3.3 to 3.6 billion people live in contexts that are highly vulnerable to climate change. (English)
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Between 2010 and 2020, human mortality from floods, droughts and storms was 15 times higher in highly vulnerable regions, compared to regions with very low vulnerability. (English)
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In the Arctic and in some high mountain regions, negative impacts of cryosphere change have been especially felt among Indigenous Peoples. (English)
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Human and ecosystem vulnerability are interdependent. (English)
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Vulnerability of ecosystems and people to climate change differs substantially among and within regions (very high confidence), driven by patterns of intersecting socio-economic development, unsustainable ocean and land use, inequity, marginalisation, historical and ongoing patterns of inequity such as colonialism, and governance (high confidence) (English)
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